Antibody ya IgM yopumira ya Nine

Legionella pneumophila (Lp) ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tokhala ndi gram-negative.Legionella pneumophila ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timatha kulowa m'magulu a anthu.

Kuwonongeka kwake kumakhala bwino kwambiri pamaso pa ma antibodies ndi seramu complements.Legionella imatha kuyambitsa matenda opumira, omwe amadziwika kuti Legionella matenda.Ndi wa gulu la atypical chibayo, amene ali kwambiri, ndi mlandu imfa mlingo wa 15% -30%, ndi mlandu amafa mlingo wa odwala otsika chitetezo chokwanira akhoza kukhala mkulu monga 80%, amene kwambiri kuopseza thanzi la anthu.

M. Chibayo (MP) ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mycoplasma pneumonia.Amafatsidwa makamaka ndi madontho, ndi nthawi yokulirapo ya masabata a 2-3.Ngati thupi la munthu ali ndi kachilombo M. chibayo, pambuyo makulitsidwe nthawi 2 ~ 3 milungu, matenda mawonetseredwe kuonekera, ndipo pafupifupi 1/3 ya milandu angakhalenso asymptomatic.Imayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndi zizindikiro monga zilonda zapakhosi, kupweteka kwa mutu, kutentha thupi, kutopa, kupweteka kwa minofu, kusowa chilakolako, nseru, ndi kusanza kumayambiriro kwa matendawa.

Q fever Rickettsia ndiye tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Q fever, ndipo morphology yake ndi ndodo yayifupi kapena yozungulira, yopanda flagella ndi kapisozi.Gwero lalikulu la matenda a Q fever ndi ziweto, makamaka ng'ombe ndi nkhosa.Pali kuzizira, kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwa mutu, kupweteka kwa minofu, ndi chibayo ndi pleurisy, ndipo mbali zina za odwala amatha kukhala ndi matenda a chiwindi, endocarditis, myocarditis, thromboangiitis, nyamakazi ndi kugwedeza ziwalo, etc.

Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) ndi yosavuta kuyambitsa matenda opuma, makamaka bronchitis ndi chibayo.Pali zochitika zambiri mwa okalamba, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa, monga kutentha thupi, kuzizira, kupweteka kwa minofu, chifuwa chowuma, kupweteka pachifuwa chosakhala ndi pleurisy, kupweteka kwa mutu, kusapeza bwino ndi kutopa, ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.Odwala ndi pharyngitis akuwonetseredwa monga ululu pakhosi ndi mawu hoarseness, ndi odwala ena akhoza kuwonetseredwa ngati magawo awiri a matenda: kuyambira pharyngitis, ndi bwino pambuyo symptomatic mankhwala, pambuyo 1-3 milungu, chibayo kapena bronchitis zimachitika kachiwiri ndi chifuwa. ndizovuta.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda am'mwamba ndi m'munsi mwa kupuma, komanso ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a bronchiolitis ndi chibayo mwa makanda.RSV imapezeka kawirikawiri chaka chilichonse m'dzinja, m'nyengo yozizira, ndi masika ndi matenda ndi kuphulika.Ngakhale RSV ingayambitse matenda aakulu a kupuma kwa ana okulirapo ndi akuluakulu, ndi yofatsa kwambiri kuposa ya makanda.

Adenovirus (ADV) ndi chimodzi mwazoyambitsa matenda a kupuma.Angayambitsenso matenda ena osiyanasiyana, monga gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, ndi matenda otupa.Zizindikiro za matenda opuma omwe amayamba chifukwa cha adenovirus ndizofanana ndi matenda a chimfine omwe amayamba kumayambiriro kwa chibayo, croup, ndi bronchitis.Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta za matenda adenovirus.Adenovirus imafalikira kudzera m'njira zachindunji komanso pakamwa, ndipo nthawi zina kudzera m'madzi.

Influenza A virus (Flu A) imagawidwa m'magulu 16 a hemagglutinin (HA) ndi 9 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes malinga ndi kusiyana kwa antigenic.Chifukwa mndandanda wa nucleotide wa HA ndi (kapena) NA umakonda kusintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa ma antigen epitopes a HA ndi (kapena) NA.Kusintha kwa antigenicity kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo chambiri cha anthu chilephereke, chifukwa chake kachilombo ka fuluwenza A nthawi zambiri kamayambitsa chimfine kapena chimfine padziko lonse lapansi.Malinga ndi mliri makhalidwe, fuluwenza mavairasi kuchititsa mliri fuluwenza pakati pa anthu akhoza kugawidwa mu nyengo fuluwenza mavairasi ndi latsopano fuluwenza mavairasi.

Kachilombo ka fuluwenza B (Chimfine B) amagawidwa m'magulu awiri a Yamagata ndi Victoria.Kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kokha kamakhala ndi antigenic drift, ndipo kusinthika kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu.Komabe, kusinthika kwa kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kumachedwa pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza A, ndipo kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kungayambitsenso matenda a kupuma kwa anthu ndikuyambitsa mliri.

Parainfluenza virus (PIV) ndi kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matenda a m'munsi mwa kupuma kwa ana, zomwe zimatsogolera ku laryngotracheobronchitis ya ana.Mtundu Woyamba ndi womwe umayambitsa laryngotracheobronchitis ya ana awa, wotsatiridwa ndi mtundu wachiwiri.Mitundu ya I ndi II imatha kuyambitsa matenda ena am'mwamba komanso otsika kupuma.Mtundu wa III nthawi zambiri umayambitsa chibayo ndi bronchiolitis.

Legionella pneumophila, M. Pneumonia, Q fever Rickettsia, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Adenovirus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus ndi Parainfluenza virus mitundu 1, 2 ndi 3 ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matenda a atypical kupuma.Choncho, kudziwika ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda alipo n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa matenda atypical kupuma thirakiti matenda, kuti apereke maziko ogwira mankhwala mankhwala kwa matenda.