China ndi limodzi mwa mayiko 30 omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chifuwa chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mliri wa chifuwa chachikulu m'dziko muno ndi woopsa kwambiri. Mliriwu ukadali woopsa m'madera ena, ndipo magulu a masukulu amapezeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yopewa ndi kuwongolera chifuwa chachikulu ndi yovuta kwambiri.
01 Chidule cha Chifuwa Chachikulu
Mu 2014, WHO idapereka lingaliro la "kuthetsa njira yothanirana ndi chifuwa chachikulu". Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuchuluka kwa matenda a chifuwa chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi kwatsika ndi pafupifupi 2% pachaka. Poyerekeza ndi 2015, kuchuluka kwa matenda a chifuwa chachikulu mu 2020 kwatsika ndi 11%. WHO ikuyerekeza kuti odwala oposa 40% omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu sanapezeke kapena kunenedwa mu 2020. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchedwa kwa matenda a chifuwa chachikulu kukufalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Ndikofala kwambiri m'madera omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri komanso odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso omwe sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe akuyembekezeka ku China mu 2021 chinali 780,000 (842,000 mu 2020), ndipo chiwerengero cha odwala chifuwa chachikulu chinali 55 pa 100,000 (59 pa 100,000 mu 2020). Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV ku China chikuyerekezeredwa kukhala 30,000, ndipo chiwerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha chifuwa chachikulu ndi 2.1 pa 100,000.
02 Kodi chifuwa chachikulu (TB) n'chiyani?
Chifuwa chachikulu, chomwe chimadziwika kuti "chifuwa chachikulu", ndi matenda osatha opumira omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chifuwa chachikulu cha Mycobacterium chikhoza kufalikira kulikonse m'thupi (kupatula tsitsi ndi mano) ndipo chimapezeka kwambiri m'mapapo. Chifuwa chachikulu m'mapapo chimakhala pafupifupi 95% ya chiwerengero chonse cha chifuwa chachikulu, ndipo matenda ena a chifuwa chachikulu ndi monga chifuwa chachikulu cha meningitis, chifuwa chachikulu cha pleurisy, chifuwa chachikulu cha mafupa, ndi zina zotero.
03 Kodi chifuwa chachikulu chimafalikira bwanji?
Magwero a matenda a chifuwa chachikulu ndi odwala chifuwa chachikulu omwe ali ndi makoswe, ndipo mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu amafalikira makamaka ndi madontho a madzi. Anthu athanzi omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu samatenga matendawa nthawi zonse. Kutengera ngati anthu atenga matendawa kumadalira kuopsa kwa mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu komanso mphamvu ya thupi yolimbana ndi matendawa.
04 Kodi zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za thupi: kutentha thupi, kutopa, kuchepa thupi.
Zizindikiro za kupuma: Chifuwa, kutuluka magazi, kupweteka pachifuwa.
05 Yankho
Macro & Micro-Test yapanga zida zoyesera za Mycobacterium TB kuti ipereke njira zothetsera vutoli, kuyang'anira chithandizo komanso kukana mankhwala.
Ubwino
Kiti Yodziwira DNA ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Fluorescence PCR)
1. Dongosololi limayambitsa kuwongolera kwamkati kwa khalidwe, komwe kumatha kuyang'anira bwino njira yoyesera ndikutsimikizira mtundu wa kuyesako.
2. Chida ichi chimagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa PCR amplification ndi ma fluorescent probes.
3. Kuzindikira kwambiri: LoD ndi 100mabakiteriya/mL.
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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isoniazid Resistance Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR)
1. Dongosololi limayambitsa kuwongolera kwamkati kwa khalidwe, komwe kumatha kuyang'anira bwino njira yoyesera ndikutsimikizira mtundu wa kuyesako.
2. Chida ichi chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera yotetezera ma amplification barrier yomwe imaphatikiza ukadaulo wa ARMS ndi ma fluorescent probes.
3. Kuzindikira kwambiri: LoD ndi 1×103mabakiteriya/mL.
4. Kusankhana mitundu kwakukulu: palibe kusintha kwa majini komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini anayi a rpoB (511, 516, 526 ndi 531) komwe kumayambitsa kukana mankhwala.
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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid ndi Rifampicin Resistance Detection Kit (Melting Curve)
1. Dongosololi limayambitsa kuwongolera kwamkati kwa khalidwe, komwe kumatha kuyang'anira bwino njira yoyesera ndikutsimikizira mtundu wa kuyesako.
2. Kitiyi imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozindikira kukula kwa zinthu mu vitro wa njira yoyeretsera melting curve pamodzi ndi choyeretsera cha fluorescent chokhala ndi maziko a RNA.
3. Kuzindikira kwambiri: LoD ndi mabakiteriya 50/mL.
4. Kudziwika bwino: palibe kusintha kwa majini a anthu, mabakiteriya ena osayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu, ndi matenda a chibayo; Kuzindikira malo osinthira majini ena osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Mycobacterium tuberculosis monga katG 315G>C\A, InhA-15 C>T.
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Kiti Yozindikira Nucleic Acid yochokera pa Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification (EPIA) ya Mycobacterium TB
1. Dongosololi limayambitsa kuwongolera kwamkati kwa khalidwe, komwe kumatha kuyang'anira bwino njira yoyesera ndikutsimikizira mtundu wa kuyesako.
2. Chidachi chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwira kutentha kokhazikika ya enzyme digestion probe. Zotsatira zake zitha kupezeka mu mphindi 30.
3. Kuzindikira kwambiri: LoD ndi 1000Copies/mL.
5. Kudziwika bwino: palibe kusinthana kwa mabakiteriya ena a mycobacteria omwe si a chifuwa chachikulu (monga Mycobacterium Kansas, Mycobacterium Suga, Mycobacterium nei, ndi zina zotero) ndi tizilombo tina (monga Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, ndi zina zotero).
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| HWTS-RT001A/B | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis DNA Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR) | Mayeso 50/zida Mayeso 20/zida |
| HWTS-RT105A/B/C | Kiti Yodziwira DNA ya Mycobacterium Tuberculosis youma yoziziritsa (Fluorescence PCR) | Mayeso 50/zida Mayeso 20/zida Mayeso 48/zida |
| HWTS-RT002A | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isoniazid Resistance Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR) | Mayeso 50/zida |
| HWTS-RT074A | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Rifampicin Resistance Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR) | Mayeso 50/zida |
| HWTS-RT074B | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid ndi Rifampicin Resistance Detection Kit (Melting Curve) | Mayeso 50/zida |
| HWTS-RT102A | Kiti Yozindikira Nucleic Acid yochokera pa Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification (EPIA) ya Mycobacterium TB | Mayeso 50/zida |
| HWTS-RT123A | Kiti Yodziwira Matenda a Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid Youma Yozizira (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification) | Mayeso 48/zida |
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-24-2023