Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Matenda a Corona Virus 2019, omwe amatchedwa "COVID-19", amatanthauza chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a SARS-CoV-2.SARS-CoV-2 ndi coronavirus yamtundu wa β.COVID-19 ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri opatsirana, ndipo anthu nthawi zambiri amatengeka.Pakadali pano, gwero la matendawa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda asymptomatic amathanso kukhala gwero la matenda.Malingana ndi kafukufuku wamakono wa epidemiological, nthawi yoyamwitsa ndi masiku 1-14, makamaka masiku 3-7.Kutentha thupi, chifuwa chowuma ndi kutopa ndizo zizindikiro zazikulu.Odwala ochepa anali ndi mphuno, mphuno, zilonda zapakhosi, myalgia ndi kutsegula m'mimba.

Influenza, yomwe imadziwika kuti "flu", ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka fuluwenza.Ndi opatsirana kwambiri.Amafala makamaka ndi kutsokomola ndi kuyetsemula.Nthawi zambiri imayamba masika ndi nyengo yozizira.Chimfine mavairasi anawagawa fuluwenza A, IFV A, fuluwenza B, IFV B, ndi Chimfine C, IFV C mitundu itatu, onse ndi zomata HIV, chifukwa matenda a anthu makamaka fuluwenza A ndi B mavairasi, ndi single-strand, kachilombo ka RNA kagawo.Chimfine A ndi matenda pachimake kupuma, kuphatikizapo H1N1, H3N2 ndi subtypes ena, amene amakonda masinthidwe ndi kufalikira padziko lonse."Shift" amatanthauza kusintha kwa kachilombo ka fuluwenza A, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kachilombo katsopano ka "subtype".Ma virus a fuluwenza B amagawidwa m'mizere iwiri, Yamagata ndi Victoria.Kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kamakhala ndi antigenic drift, ndipo imazemba kuyang'anira chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu ndikuchichotsa kudzera mukusintha kwake.Komabe, liwiro la chimfine cha B ndilocheperako kuposa kachilombo ka fuluwenza A.Kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kamayambitsanso matenda a kupuma kwa anthu ndikuyambitsa miliri.

Adenovirus (AdV) ndi ya mammalian adenovirus, yomwe ndi kachilombo ka DNA kolowera pawiri popanda envelopu.Pafupifupi ma genotypes 90 apezeka, omwe atha kugawidwa mu AG 7 subgenera.Matenda a AdV angayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chibayo, bronchitis, cystitis, maso conjunctivitis, matenda a m'mimba ndi encephalitis.Chibayo cha Adenovirus ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu yowopsa kwambiri ya chibayo chopezeka ndi anthu ammudzi mwa ana, chomwe chimawerengera pafupifupi 4% -10% ya chibayo chopezeka ndi anthu ammudzi.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) ndi mtundu wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta prokaryotic, tomwe tili pakati pa mabakiteriya ndi ma virus, okhala ndi ma cell koma opanda khoma la cell.MP makamaka imayambitsa matenda amtundu wa kupuma kwa anthu, makamaka kwa ana ndi achinyamata.Zingayambitse anthu mycoplasma chibayo, ana kupuma thirakiti matenda ndi atypical chibayo.The matenda mawonetseredwe zosiyanasiyana, ambiri amene ali kwambiri chifuwa, malungo, kuzizira, mutu, zilonda zapakhosi.Matenda a m'mwamba ndi chibayo cha bronchial ndizofala kwambiri.Odwala ena amatha kukhala ndi matenda am'mwamba kupita ku chibayo chachikulu, kupuma movutikira komanso kufa.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ndi kachilombo ka RNA, komwe kamachokera ku banja la paramyxoviridae.Amafalitsidwa ndi madontho a mpweya ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndipo ndiye tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a m'munsi mwa kupuma kwa makanda.Makanda omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka RSV amatha kukhala ndi bronchiolitis (yotchedwa bronchiolitis) ndi chibayo, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mphumu mwa ana.Makanda kwambiri zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo kutentha thupi, rhinitis, pharyngitis ndi laryngitis, ndiyeno bronchiolitis ndi chibayo.Ana ochepa odwala angakhale ovuta ndi otitis TV, pleurisy ndi myocarditis, etc. Chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti matenda ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda akuluakulu ndi ana okulirapo.