[Tsiku Lapadziko Lonse Lopewera Malungo] Kumvetsetsa malungo, khazikitsani njira yodzitetezera, ndi kukana kugwidwa ndi “malungo”

1 malungo ndi chiyani

Malungo ndi matenda otetezedwa komanso ochiritsika, omwe amadziwika kuti "kugwedeza" ndi "cold fever", ndipo ndi amodzi mwa matenda opatsirana omwe akuwopseza kwambiri moyo wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi.

Malungo ndi matenda opatsirana ofalitsidwa ndi tizilombo chifukwa cha kulumidwa ndi Anopheles kapena kuikidwa magazi kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi plasmodium.

Pali mitundu inayi ya plasmodium parasitic pathupi la munthu:

2 madera mliri

Mpaka pano, mliri wa malungo padziko lonse udakali woopsa kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi amakhala m’madera amene muli malungo.

Malungo akadali matenda oopsa kwambiri ku kontinenti ya Africa, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 500 miliyoni amakhala m'madera omwe akudwala malungo. Chaka chilichonse, anthu pafupifupi 100 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi amakhala ndi zizindikiro za malungo, 90% mwa iwo ali ku Africa, ndipo anthu oposa 2 miliyoni amafa ndi malungo chaka chilichonse. Kum’mwera chakum’maŵa ndi chapakati ku Asia kulinso madera kumene malungo ali ponseponse. Malungo akadali ofala ku Central ndi South America.

Pa Juni 30, 2021, WHO idalengeza kuti dziko la China lakhala lopanda malungo.

3 njira yopatsira malungo

01. Kupatsirana ndi udzudzu

Njira yayikulu yotumizira:

Kulumidwa ndi udzudzu wonyamula plasmodium.

02. Kutumiza magazi

Malungo obadwa nawo amatha chifukwa cha plasenta yowonongeka kapena magazi a amayi omwe ali ndi plasmodium panthawi yobereka.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizothekanso kutenga matenda a malungo potumiza magazi omwe ali ndi plasmodium.

4 Zizindikiro za malungo

Kuchokera ku matenda a munthu ndi plasmodium mpaka kuyambika (kutentha kwapakamwa kuposa 37.8 ℃), amatchedwa incubation period.

The makulitsidwe nthawi imaphatikizapo nthawi yonse ya infuraredi ndi nthawi yoyamba yoberekera ya nthawi yofiira. General vivax malungo, malungo ovoid kwa masiku 14, falciparum malungo kwa masiku 12, ndi malungo masiku atatu kwa masiku 30.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma protozoa omwe ali ndi kachilombo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda amatha kuyambitsa nthawi yoyamwitsa.

Pali zomwe zimatchedwa kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono m'madera otentha, omwe amatha kukhala miyezi 8 ~ 14.

Makulitsidwe nthawi ya matenda opatsirana ndi 7-10 masiku. Fetal malungo amakhala ndi nthawi yofupikitsa.

Nthawi yoyamwitsa imatha kukulitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo china kapena omwe amwa mankhwala odzitetezera.

5 Kupewa ndi kuchiza

01. Malungo amafalitsidwa ndi udzudzu. Chitetezo chaumwini ndicho chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popewa kulumidwa ndi udzudzu. Makamaka panja, yesetsani kuvala zovala zodzitetezera, monga manja aatali ndi mathalauza. Khungu lowonekera likhoza kupakidwa ndi mankhwala othamangitsa udzudzu.

02. Chitani ntchito yabwino yoteteza banja, gwiritsani ntchito maukonde oteteza udzudzu, zitseko zotchingira ndi zotchingira, ndi kupopera mankhwala ophera udzudzu m'chipinda chogona musanagone.

03. Samalani ndi ukhondo wa chilengedwe, chotsani zinyalala ndi udzu, mudzaze maenje a zimbudzi, ndikuchita ntchito yabwino yoletsa udzudzu.

yankho

Macro-Micro & TEstwapanga zida zingapo zodziwira malungo, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito papulatifomu ya fluorescence PCR, nsanja ya isothermal amplification ndi nsanja ya immunochromatography, ndikupereka yankho lathunthu komanso lonse la matenda, kuwunika kwamankhwala komanso kuwunika kwa matenda a plasmodium:

01 / immunochromatographic nsanja

Plasmodium Falciparum/Plasmodium Vivax AntigenZida Zozindikira

Plasmodium falciparum antigen yodziwira zida

Plasmodium antigen yodziwira zida

Ndizoyenera kuzindikira komanso kuzindikira kwa Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) kapena Plasmodium vivax (PM) m'magazi a venous kapena magazi a capillary a anthu omwe ali ndi malungo ndi zizindikiro za m'mimba, ndipo amatha kudziwa kuti ali ndi matenda a plasmodium.

Ntchito yosavuta: njira zitatu

Kusungirako kutentha kwa chipinda ndi mayendedwe: Kusungirako kutentha kwachipinda ndi zoyendera kwa miyezi 24.

Zotsatira zolondola: kukhudzika kwakukulu & tsatanetsatane.

02 / fulorosenti PCR nsanja

Plasmodium nucleic acid kuzindikira zida

Ndizoyenera kuzindikira komanso kuzindikira kwa Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) kapena Plasmodium vivax (PM) m'magazi a venous kapena magazi a capillary a anthu omwe ali ndi malungo ndi zizindikiro za m'mimba, ndipo amatha kudziwa kuti ali ndi matenda a plasmodium.

Kuwongolera khalidwe lachidziwitso chamkati: kuyang'anitsitsa bwino ntchito yoyesera kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuyesako kuli bwino.

Kukhudzika kwakukulu: 5 Makopi / μL

Mkulu mwapadera: palibe chochita pamtanda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda wamba.

03 / nsanja yokulitsa kutentha nthawi zonse.

Plasmodium nucleic acid kuzindikira zida

Ndiwoyenera kuzindikira bwino za plasmodium nucleic acid m'miyezo yamagazi yamagazi omwe amaganiziridwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka plasmodium.

Kuwongolera khalidwe lachidziwitso chamkati: kuyang'anitsitsa bwino ntchito yoyesera kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuyesako kuli bwino.

Kukhudzika kwakukulu: 5 Makopi / μL

Mkulu mwapadera: palibe chochita pamtanda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda wamba.