Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa metagenomic wavumbulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amanyamulidwa ndi makoswe ku Heilongjiang Province, kuphatikizapo kachilombo ka Lassa, kachilombo ka Amur, Salmonella, ndi Yersinia pestis.
Kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchitoKiti Yowonjezera RNA ya Pathogen kuchokera ku Macro & Micro-Test, kutengera ukadaulo wofufuza. Mwa kusankha kuchotsa rRNA ya host ndi zidutswa zina zosungidwa za host, njirayi idasunga bwino RNA ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri kuzindikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Gawo lokulitsa RNA ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda linali lofunika kwambiri pakukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira ndipo linapereka chithandizo champhamvu chaukadaulo pakuwunika tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Makoswe: Malo Osungiramo Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri pa Matenda a Zoonotic
Makoswe ndi gulu la nyama zoyamwitsa lomwe lili ndi mitundu yambiri komanso yofalikira kwambiri, ndipo lili ndi mitundu yoposa 2,000 padziko lonse lapansi ndipo limawerengera mitundu yoposa 40% ya nyama zonse zoyamwitsa.
Kupatula kufunika kwawo kwa chilengedwe, makoswe amagwira ntchito ngati malo osungiramo zinthu zazikulu komanso zofalitsa matenda ambiri a zoonotic.Chifukwa malo okhala makoswe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi malo okhala anthu—kudzera mu kulumidwa mwachindunji, kukhudzana ndi chimbudzi, kapena kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzera mu utitiri ndi nthata—matenda omwe ali nawo amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi la anthu.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, matenda opatsirana opitilira 70% amachokera ku zinyama zakuthengo, ndipo makoswe ndi amodzi mwa malo osungira mavairasi ofunikira kwambiri.
Chigawo cha Malire a Heilongjiang: Mzere Woyang'anira Matenda
Heilongjiang, chigawo cha m'malire kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China, chili ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe ndipo chimagawana malire ndi mayiko ambiri. Kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo komanso kusamuka pafupipafupi kwa anthu kudutsa malire kumapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zabwino zofalitsira matenda.
Pakati pa Juni ndi Julayi 2021, ofufuza adasonkhanitsa makoswe 67 akuthengo kuchokera ku Hengdaohezi Town, mumzinda wa Mudanjiang. Zitsanzozo zidaphatikizapo:
l 20Apodemus peninsulae
l 47Myodes rufocanus
Zitsanzo zonse zinajambulidwa m'malo okhala anthu ndi minda yozungulira, zomwe zikusonyeza kugwirizana kwa malo okhala anthu ndi malo okhala nyama zakuthengo.
Ukadaulo Wowonjezera Tizilombo Toyambitsa Matenda: Kuthana ndi Kusokoneza kwa Maziko a Wosunga Zinthu
Mu metagenomic sequencing, RNA ya host nthawi zambiri imalamulira sequencing reads, kubisa zizindikiro za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe sizipezeka kawirikawiri.
Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, kafukufukuyu adagwiritsa ntchitoChida Chodziwira Metagenomic cha Macro & Micro-Test. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wojambulira ma probe, ma probe opangidwa mwapadera amalumikizana ndi rRNA yosungiramo zinthu ndipo amasunga ma sequences, zomwe zimathandiza kuti achepetsedwe ndipo motero amawonjezera RNA ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Njira imeneyi inathandiza kwambiri kuzindikira matenda, zomwe zinathandiza kuti njira yotsatirira matenda ipezenso kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Gawo lokulitsa matendawa linakhazikitsa maziko olimba ofotokozera molondola kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komwe makoswe amanyamula.
Pambuyo powonjezera, zitsanzo za RNA zinachitidwa reverse transcription, laibulale inamangidwa, ndipo zinafufuzidwa motsatira njira zamakono. Kusanthula kwa bioinformatics kunaphatikizapo:
l Host genome zosefera
Kugawa kwa Taxonomic pogwiritsa ntchito Kraken2
Kukonza kochuluka ndi Bracken
Njira imeneyi yapangitsa kuti pakhale mbiri yonse ya magulu a mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya.
Zotsatira za Kafukufuku: Kufalikira kwa Mavairasi ndi Mabakiteriya Ambiri Mogwirizana
Zotsatira za Viral
Mavairasi omwe adapezeka anali a mabanja 21 a mavairasi, kuphatikizapoArenaviridaendiHantaviridae.
Kupyolerade novoPogwiritsa ntchito Megahit, mavairasi 154 adapangidwa, ndipo 110 mwa iwo adagwirizana ndi mavairasi 19 ochokera m'mabanja asanu ndi atatu.
In Apodemus peninsulae, mavairasi otsatirawa adapezeka:
l Arenaviruses: Lassa virus, Wenzhou virus, Gairo virus
l Hantaviruses: Amur virus, Puumala virus
In Myodes rufocanus, Matenda a arterivirus a makoswe ndi kachilombo ka Amur adapezeka.
Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:
Kachilombo ka Lassa ndi komwe kamayambitsa matenda a malungo otuluka magazi, ndipo chiwerengero cha imfa chimafika pafupifupi 20%.
Kachilombo ka Amur ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda a hemorrhagic fever komwe kamayambitsa matenda a impso (HFRS). China inanena kuti matenda a hantavirus ndi omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi.
Zomwe Zapezeka pa Bakiteriya
Mitundu yonse ya mabakiteriya 1,051 inalembedwa.
Mitundu yochuluka kwambiri inali:
lSalmonella(26–31%)
lYersinia(11–23%)
Salmonellandi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kamene kamapezeka m'zakudya, komwe kamayambitsa matenda a typhoid fever okwana 9 miliyoni ndipo anthu pafupifupi 110,000 amafa chaka chilichonse padziko lonse lapansi.
Yersinia pestis, chomwe chimayambitsa mliri, chakhala chikuyambitsa miliri itatu yakale. Chigawo cha Heilongjiang chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa malo achilengedwe okhudzidwa ndi mliri wachilengedwe ku China ndipo chikadali chigawo chofunikira kwambiri poyang'anira mliriwu.
Kufunika kwa Phunziroli
Zopereka za Sayansi
Kafukufukuyu akuyimira lipoti loyamba la zidutswa za kachilombo ka Lassa ndi kachilombo ka arteritis ya makoswe m'makoswe ochokera ku Heilongjiang, zomwe zikukulitsa nkhokwe ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku China.
Imalongosola mwatsatanetsatane magulu a mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya m'magulu a makoswe am'deralo, ndikupereka deta yoyambira yowunikira matenda a zoonotic m'madera akumalire.
Zotsatira za Thanzi la Anthu Onse
Zomwe zapezekazi zikuwonetsa kufunikira koyang'anira mosalekeza komanso kufufuza tizilombo toyambitsa matendaA. chigawo cha peninsulandiM. rufocanus.
Deta iyi imapereka umboni wa sayansi wochirikiza njira zowongolera magwero a matenda monga mliri ndi malungo otuluka magazi omwe ali ndi vuto la impso.
Mphamvu za Njira
Kusanthula kwa metagenomic kumathandiza kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timadziwika komanso tatsopano mopanda tsankho.
Mu kafukufukuyu, ukadaulo wowonjezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda wa Macro & Micro-Test unawonetsa kugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'zitsanzo zovuta zamoyo. Zotsatira zake zikutsimikizira kuthekera kwake kuthandizira kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri poyang'anira nyama zakuthengo.
Malangizo a Zamalonda
Kutengera ndi momwe idagwiritsidwira ntchito bwino mu kafukufukuyu, Macro & Micro-Test Pathogen RNA Enrichment Kit ikulangizidwa kwambiri pa kafukufuku wofufuza za metagenomic.
Mwa kuchepetsa bwino ma nucleic acid a m'thupi la munthu komanso kuwonjezera ma microbes, zidazi zimathandizira kwambiri kuzindikira ndi kusanthula deta. Zimayimira chida chofunikira kwambiri chopezera matenda olondola m'zitsanzo zovuta ndipo zimapereka chithandizo champhamvu chaukadaulo pakuwunika thanzi la anthu, kuwunika zoopsa za matenda a zoonotic, komanso kukonzekera kufalikira kwa matenda.
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Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-02-2026