Kuzindikira kwa ma nucleic acid atatu-m'modzi: COVID-19, fuluwenza A ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza B, zonse mu chubu chimodzi!

Covid-19 (2019-nCoV) yadzetsa matenda mamiliyoni mazana ambiri ndi kufa kwa mamiliyoni ambiri kuyambira pomwe idayamba kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yadzidzidzi padziko lonse lapansi.Bungwe la World Health Organisation (WHO) lidapereka "zovuta zosasinthika" zisanu.^[1], omwe ndi Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta ndi Omicron, ndi Omicron mutant strain ndiye vuto lalikulu pa mliri wapadziko lonse pano.Atatha kutenga kachilombo ka Omicron mutant, zizindikiro zimakhala zochepa, koma kwa anthu apadera monga anthu omwe alibe chitetezo chokwanira, okalamba, matenda aakulu ndi ana, chiopsezo cha matenda aakulu kapena imfa pambuyo pa matenda akadali ochuluka.Mlandu wakufa kwa mitundu yosinthika ku Omicron, deta yapadziko lonse lapansi ikuwonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa ndi pafupifupi 0.75%, chomwe chili pafupifupi 7 mpaka 8 nthawi ya fuluwenza, komanso kufa kwa okalamba, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 80. chakale, chimaposa 10%, chomwe chiri pafupifupi nthawi 100 kuposa chimfine wamba^[2].Ambiri matenda mawonetseredwe matenda ndi malungo, chifuwa, youma pakhosi, zilonda zapakhosi, myalgia, etc. Odwala kwambiri akhoza dyspnea ndi/kapena hypoxemia.

Pali mitundu inayi ya ma virus a chimfine: A, B, C ndi D. Mitundu yayikulu ya mliri ndi subtype A (H1N1) ndi H3N2, ndi mtundu B (Victoria ndi Yamagata).Fuluwenza chifukwa cha fuluwenza HIV adzayambitsa nyengo mliri ndi zosayembekezereka mliri chaka chilichonse, ndi mkulu zochitika mlingo.Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 3.4 miliyoni milandu amathandizidwa ndi matenda a chimfine chaka chilichonse^[3], ndipo pafupifupi 88,100 milandu ya matenda okhudzana ndi fuluwenza yokhudzana ndi kupuma imatsogolera ku imfa, zomwe zimachititsa 8.2% ya matenda opuma omwe amafa.^[4].Zizindikiro zachipatala zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, myalgia ndi chifuwa chowuma.Magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, monga amayi apakati, makanda, okalamba ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, amatha kudwala chibayo ndi zovuta zina, zomwe zingayambitse imfa pazovuta kwambiri.

1 COVID-19 ndi zoopsa za chimfine.

Kupatsirana kwa chimfine ndi COVID-19 kumatha kukulitsa zovuta za matendawa.Kafukufuku waku Britain akuwonetsa izi^[5], poyerekeza ndi matenda a COVID-19 okha, chiwopsezo cha mpweya wabwino wamakina komanso chiwopsezo cha kufa m'chipatala mwa odwala a COVID-19 omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza chakwera ndi 4.14 nthawi ndi 2.35.

Tongji Medical College ya Huazhong University of Science and Technology inafalitsa kafukufuku^[6], yomwe idaphatikizapo maphunziro 95 okhudza odwala 62,107 ku COVID-19.Kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka fuluwenza kunali 2.45%, pakati pawo fuluwenza A ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri.Poyerekeza ndi odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19 okha, odwala omwe ali ndi chimfine A ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira zoyipa, kuphatikiza kuvomerezedwa ndi ICU, thandizo la mpweya wabwino ndi kufa.Ngakhale kuti kufala kwa matenda a co-infection kuli kochepa, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana amakumana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatirapo zoopsa.

Meta-analysis ikuwonetsa izi^[7], poyerekeza ndi B-stream, A-stream ndiyotheka kutenga kachilombo ka COVID-19.Mwa odwala 143 omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, 74% ali ndi kachilombo ka A-stream, ndipo 20% ali ndi kachilombo ka B.Kupatsirana limodzi kungayambitse matenda oopsa kwambiri kwa odwala, makamaka pakati pa magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo monga ana.

Kafukufuku wokhudza ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 18 omwe adagonekedwa m'chipatala kapena kufa ndi chimfine nthawi ya chimfine ku United States mu 2021-2022 adapeza.^[8]kuti chodabwitsa cha co-infection ndi chimfine mu COVID-19 chiyenera kusamala.Mwa milandu yokhudzana ndi chimfine, 6% adatenga kachilombo ka COVID-19 ndi fuluwenza, ndipo chiwerengero cha imfa zokhudzana ndi chimfine chinakwera kufika 16%.Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka COVID-19 komanso fuluwenza amafunikira thandizo la kupuma komanso losasokoneza kuposa omwe ali ndi fuluwenza, ndipo akuwonetsa kuti kupatsirana limodzi kungayambitse matenda oopsa kwa ana. .

2 Kuzindikira kosiyanasiyana kwa chimfine ndi COVID-19.

Matenda onse atsopano ndi chimfine amapatsirana kwambiri, ndipo pali zofanana mu zizindikiro zina zachipatala, monga kutentha thupi, chifuwa ndi myalgia.Komabe, njira zothandizira mavairasi awiriwa ndi osiyana, ndipo mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osiyana.Pa mankhwala, mankhwala akhoza kusintha mmene matenda mawonetseredwe a matenda, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa matenda mwa zizindikiro.Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira kolondola kwa COVID-19 ndi chimfine kuyenera kudalira kuzindikira kwa ma virus kuti awonetsetse kuti odwala alandila chithandizo choyenera komanso chothandiza.

Malingaliro angapo ogwirizana pazachipatala ndi chithandizo akuwonetsa kuti kuzindikirika kolondola kwa COVID-19 ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza kudzera m'ma labotale ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga dongosolo loyenera lamankhwala.

《Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo cha Chimfine (2020 Edition)》^[9]ndi 《Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza kwa Katswiri Wachimfine Wachikulire Kugwirizana kwa Katswiri Wazadzidzidzi (Kope la 2022)》^[10]onse amafotokoza momveka bwino kuti fuluwenza ndi yofanana ndi matenda ena a COVID-19, ndipo COVID-19 ili ndi zizindikiro zochepa komanso zodziwika bwino monga kutentha thupi, chifuwa chowuma ndi zilonda zapakhosi, zomwe sizosavuta kuzisiyanitsa ndi fuluwenza;Mawonetseredwe owopsa ndi ovuta kwambiri amaphatikizapo chibayo chachikulu, chifuwa chachikulu cha kupuma movutikira ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo, zomwe zimafanana ndi zizindikiro zachipatala za chimfine choopsa komanso chovuta, ndipo chiyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi etiology.

《dongosolo latsopano la matenda a coronavirus ndi dongosolo lamankhwala (kope lakhumi kuti likhazikitsidwe m'mayesero》^[11]adati matenda a Covid-19 akuyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi matenda am'mwamba obwera chifukwa cha ma virus ena.

3 Kusiyana kwa chithandizo cha chimfine ndi matenda a COVID-19

2019-nCoV ndi fuluwenza ndi matenda osiyanasiyana oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus osiyanasiyana, ndipo njira zochizira ndizosiyana.Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kungalepheretse mavuto aakulu ndi imfa ya matenda awiriwa.

Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ang'onoang'ono a antiviral monga Nimatvir/Ritonavir, Azvudine, Monola ndi mankhwala oletsa antibody monga Ambaviruzumab/Romisvir monoclonal antibody jekeseni mu COVID-19.^[12].

Mankhwala oletsa fuluwenza makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Abidor) ndi RNA polymerase inhibitors (Mabaloxavir), amene ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa mavairasi otchuka a fuluwenza A ndi B.^[13].

Kusankha mankhwala oyenera a antiviral ndikofunikira kwambiri pochiza 2019-nCoV ndi chimfine.Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tiwongolere mankhwala achipatala.

4 COVID-19/ Fuluwenza A / Fuluwenza B katatu olowa kuyendera nucleic acid mankhwala

Izi zimapereka chizindikiritso chachangu komanso cholondola of 2019-nCoV, fuluwenza A ndi ma virus a fuluwenza B, ndikuthandizira kusiyanitsa 2019-nCoV ndi chimfine, matenda awiri opatsirana opuma omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana zachipatala koma njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira.Pozindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tikhoza kutsogolera chitukuko chachipatala cha mapulogalamu ochiritsira omwe akuwongolera ndikuonetsetsa kuti odwala angapeze chithandizo choyenera panthawi yake.

Yankho lonse:

Zosonkhanitsira zitsanzo - Nucleic acid m'zigawo - Detection reagent - polymerase chain reaction

Chizindikiritso cholondola: zindikirani Covid-19 (ORF1ab, N), kachilombo ka fuluwenza A ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza B mu chubu chimodzi.

Wokhudzidwa kwambiri: LOD ya Covid-19 ndi 300 makope/mL, ndipo ya fuluwenza A ndi B mavairasi ndi 500 makope/mL.

Kufotokozera kwathunthu: Covid-19 imaphatikizapo mitundu yonse yodziwika yosinthika, yokhala ndi fuluwenza A kuphatikiza H1N1, H3N2, H1N1 2009, H5N1, H7N9, ndi zina zotero, ndi fuluwenza B kuphatikiza mitundu ya Victoria ndi Yamagata, kuti muwonetsetse kuti sipadzakhala kuphonya. kuzindikira.

Ulamuliro wodalirika wodalirika: kuwongolera koyipa / koyenera, kalozera wamkati ndi UDG enzyme yowongolera kane, kuyang'anira ma reagents ndi ntchito kuti zitsimikizire zolondola.

Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: zimagwirizana ndi zida zapaintaneti za fluorescence PCR pamsika.

Kutulutsa kokha: ndi Macro & Micro-TEstautomatic nucleic acid m'zigawo dongosolo ndi m'zigawo reagents, bwino ntchito ndi kusasinthasintha zotsatira bwino.

Zambiri zamalonda