Kuyambira mu Meyi 2022, milandu ya mpox yanenedwa m'maiko ambiri omwe si achilendo padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Pa 26 Ogasiti, bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) linayambitsa msonkhano wapadziko lonse lapansi.Kukonzekera Mwanzeru ndi Ndondomeko Yoyankhirakuti aletse kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka mpox kuchokera kwa anthu kupita kwa anthu kudzera mu zoyesayesa zogwirizana padziko lonse lapansi, m'madera, komanso m'dziko lonselo. Izi zikutsatira kulengezedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa thanzi la anthu padziko lonse lapansi ndi Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa WHO pa 14 Ogasiti.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kufalikira kwa mpox nthawi ino ndi kosiyana ndi komwe kunachitika mu 2022, komwe kunkafalikira kwambiri pakati pa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna, ndipo chiwerengero cha imfa cha anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka chinali chochepera 1%.
Mtundu wa "Clade Ib" womwe wafala posachedwapa, womwe ndi mtundu wa Clade I, uli ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha imfa. Mtundu watsopanowu unayamba kufalikira ku DRC mu Seputembala watha, poyamba pakati pa ogwira ntchito zogonana, ndipo tsopano wafalikira ku magulu ena, ndipo ana ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Bungwe la Africa CDC linanena mu lipoti lake mwezi watha kuti kufalikira kwa matenda a mpox kwapezeka m'maiko 10 aku Africa chaka chino, kuphatikizapo DRC, yomwe yanena kuti 96.3% ya milandu yonse ku Africa chaka chino ndi 97% ya imfa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pafupifupi 70% ya milandu ku DRC ndi ana osakwana zaka 15, ndipo gululi limawerengera 85% ya imfa mdzikolo.
Mpox ndi matenda a zoonosis omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka mpox komwe kamakhala ndi nthawi yoberekera kwa masiku 5 mpaka 21, makamaka masiku 6 mpaka 13. Munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga malungo, mutu komanso kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, kutsatiridwa ndi ziphuphu pankhope ndi ziwalo zina za thupi, zomwe pang'onopang'ono zimakhala ziphuphu ndipo zimatha kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi asanabadwe. Matendawa amafalikira kuyambira pomwe zizindikirozo zimayamba mpaka ziphuphu zitayamba kuonekera mwachibadwa.
Macro & Micro-Test ikupereka mayeso ofulumira, zida zama molekyulu ndi njira zotsatirira kuti mupeze kachilombo ka mpox, kuthandiza kuzindikira kachilombo ka mpox munthawi yake, kuyang'anira komwe kamachokera, mzera wake, kufalikira kwake, ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa majini:
Kusampa mosavuta (chitsanzo cha madzi a ziphuphu/pakhosi) ndipo zotsatira zake zimatenga mphindi 10-15;
Kuzindikira kwakukulu ndi LoD ya 20pg/mL yophimba Clade I ndi II；
Kuchuluka kwapadera popanda kuyanjana ndi kachilombo ka nthomba, kachilombo ka varicella zoster, kachilombo ka rubella, kachilombo ka herpes simplex, ndi zina zotero.
OPA ya 96.4% poyerekeza ndi NAATs;
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri monga misonkho, ma CDC, ma pharmacies, zipatala, zipatala kapena kunyumba.
Kiti Yodziwira Matenda a Monkeypox-virus IgM/IgG Antibody(Immunochromatographhy)
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta popanda zida ndipo zotsatira zake zachangu mkati mwa mphindi 10;
Kuzindikira kwakukulu ndi kulunjika kokhudza Clade I & II；
Kuzindikira IgM ndi IgG kuti asankhe magawo a matenda a mpox;
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri monga misonkho, ma CDC, ma pharmacies, zipatala, zipatala kapena kunyumba;
Yoyenera kuyezetsa matenda a mpox pamlingo waukulu.
Kiti Yodziwira Kachilombo ka Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid (Enzymatic Probe Isothermal Amplification)
Kuzindikira kwambiri ndi LoD ya 200 Copies/mL ndi IC, yofanana ndi florescence PCR;
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta: Chitsanzo chopangidwa ndi lysed chowonjezedwa ku chubu cha reagent chopangidwa ndi lyophilized kuti chiwonjezere mphamvu mwachindunji pakufunika pogwiritsa ntchito ma module odziyimira pawokha a Easy Amp System;
Kuchuluka kwapadera popanda kuyanjana ndi kachilombo ka nthomba, kachilombo ka vaccinia, kachilombo ka cowpox, kachilombo ka mousepox, kachilombo ka herpes simplex, kachilombo ka varicella-zoster, ndi majini a anthu, ndi zina zotero;
Kusampa mosavuta (madzimadzi a ziphuphu/oropharyngeal swab) ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino mwachangu mkati mwa mphindi 5;
Kuchita bwino kwambiri pachipatala komwe kumakhudza Clade I & II yokhala ndi PPA ya 100%, NPA ya 100%, OPA ya 100% ndi Kappa Value ya 1.000 poyerekeza ndi Fluorescence PCR kit;
Mtundu wopangidwa ndi lyophilized womwe umafuna kunyamula ndi kusungira kutentha kwa chipinda chokha umathandiza kuti uzitha kupezeka m'madera onse;
Zochitika zosinthika m'zipatala, malo azaumoyo, komanso Easy Amp kuti zidziwike nthawi iliyonse ikafunika;
Kiti Yodziwira Matenda a Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid (Fluorescence PCR)
Majini awiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yokhala ndi LoD ya makope 200/mL;
Kusankha madzi otupa, mankhwala oyeretsera pakhosi ndi seramu mosavuta;
Kuchuluka kwapadera popanda kuyanjana ndi kachilombo ka nthomba, kachilombo ka vaccinia, kachilombo ka cowpox, kachilombo ka mousepox, kachilombo ka herpes simplex, kachilombo ka varicella-zoster, ndi majini a anthu, ndi zina zotero;
Kugwira ntchito kosavuta: kufufutidwa kwa chitsanzo mwachangu ndi reagent yotulutsa chitsanzo kuti iwonjezedwe ku chubu choyankhira;
Kuzindikira mwachangu: zotsatira mkati mwa mphindi 40;
Kulondola kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyang'anira kwamkati komwe kumayang'anira njira yonse yopezera;
Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwachipatala komwe kumakhudza Clade I & II ndi PPA ya 100%, NPA ya 99.40%, OPA ya 99.64% ndi Kappa Value ya 0.9923 poyerekeza ndi sequencing;
Mtundu wopangidwa ndi lyophilized womwe umafuna kunyamula ndi kusungira kutentha kwa chipinda chokha umathandiza kuti uzitha kupezeka m'madera onse;
Yogwirizana ndi machitidwe akuluakulu a Fluorescence PCR;
Zochitika zosinthika m'zipatala, ma CDC ndi ma lab;
Kiti Yodziwira Matenda a Orthopox Virus Universal Type/Monkeypox Virus Nucleic Acid (Fluorescence PCR)
Kufotokozera kwathunthu: kuyesa mavairasi onse anayi a orthopox omwe amatha kufalikira kwa anthu ndi mpox yofala (kuphatikiza Clade I & II) mu mayeso amodzi kuti apewe kulephera kuzindikirika;
Kuzindikira kwambiri kwa LoD ya makope 200/mL;
Kuchuluka kwapadera popanda kuyanjana ndi tizilombo tina toyambitsa ziphuphu monga kachilombo ka herpes simplex, kachilombo ka varicella-zoster, ndi majini a anthu, ndi zina zotero;
Kugwira ntchito kosavuta: kufufutidwa kwa chitsanzo mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito reagent yotulutsa chitsanzo kuti iwonjezedwe ku buffer ya single tube reaction;
Kuzindikira mwachangu: kukulitsa mwachangu ndi zotsatira mkati mwa mphindi 40;
Kulondola kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyang'anira kwamkati komwe kumayang'anira njira yonse yopezera;
Yogwirizana ndi machitidwe akuluakulu a Fluorescence PCR;
Zochitika zosinthika m'zipatala, ma CDC ndi ma lab;
NkhandweVirus TypingNucleicAcidDkutsekaKizo (Fluorescence PCR)
Pa nthawi yomweyo, Clade I ndi Clade II zimazindikira Clade I ndi Clade II, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pomvetsetsa momwe kachilomboka kamafalikira, kutsatira kufalikira kwake, ndikupanga njira zodzitetezera komanso zowongolera.
Kuzindikira kwambiri kwa LoD ya makope 200/mL;
Kusankha madzi otupa, swab ya m'kamwa ndi seramu mosinthasintha;
Kuchuluka kwapadera popanda kuyanjana pakati pa Clade I ndi II, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena omwe amayambitsa ziphuphu monga kachilombo ka herpes simplex, kachilombo ka varicella-zoster, ndi majini a anthu, ndi zina zotero;
Kugwira ntchito kosavuta: kufufutidwa kwa chitsanzo mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito reagent yotulutsa chitsanzo kuti iwonjezedwe ku buffer ya single tube reaction;
Kuzindikira mwachangu: zotsatira mkati mwa mphindi 40;
Kulondola kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyang'anira kwamkati komwe kumayang'anira njira yonse yopezera;
Mtundu wopangidwa ndi lyophilized womwe umafuna kunyamula ndi kusungira kutentha kwa chipinda chokha umathandiza kuti uzitha kupezeka m'madera onse;
Yogwirizana ndi machitidwe akuluakulu a Fluorescence PCR;
Zochitika zosinthika m'zipatala, ma CDC ndi ma lab;
Jenomu Lonse la Kachilombo ka Monkey VirusKuzindikiraZida (Multi-PCR NGS)
Chopangidwa chatsopano cha Monkeypox Virus Whole Genome Detection Kit chopangidwa ndi Macro & Micro-Test cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ndi ONT nanopore sequencer, chingathe kupeza MPXV whole genome sequence yokhala ndi 98% mkati mwa maola 8.
Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito: ukadaulo wowonjezera mphamvu wa sitepe imodzi, mndandanda wonse wa genome wa kachilombo ka mpox ungapezeke mwa kukulitsa kozungulira kamodzi;
Yosavuta komanso yolondola: imazindikira zitsanzo zotsika mpaka 32CT, ndipo kutsatana kwa nanopore ya amplicon ya 600bp kumatha kukwaniritsa kusonkhana kwa genome kwapamwamba kwambiri;
Mwachangu kwambiri: ONT imatha kumaliza kupanga majini mkati mwa maola 6-8;
Kugwirizana kwakukulu: ndi ONT, Qi Carbon, SALUS Pro, lllumina, MGI ndi zina zazikulu 2ndndi 3rdokonza mibadwo.
Yosavuta kumvaJenomu Lonse la Kachilombo ka MonkeyKuzindikiraZida-Illumina/MGI(Multi-PCR NGS)
Ponena za kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe alipo 2ndMa sequencers a mibadwo padziko lonse lapansi, Macro & Micro-Test yapanganso zida zodziwikiratu kwambiri kuti zigwirizane ndi ma sequencers akuluakulu kuti zikwaniritse kutsata kwa genome ya kachilombo komwe sikunakhudzidwe kwambiri;
Kukweza bwino: Mapai awiriawiri 1448 a kapangidwe ka primer ka 200bp amplicon kolimba kwambiri kuti azitha kukweza bwino komanso kuphimba kofanana;
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta: Laibulale ya Mpox virus llumina/MGI ingapezeke kudzera mu kukulitsa kwa magawo awiri mu maola 4, kupewa njira zovuta zomangira laibulale komanso ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito reagent;
Kuzindikira kwakukulu: kumazindikira zitsanzo zotsika mpaka 35CT, popewa zotsatira zabodza zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zidutswa kapena nambala yotsika ya makope;
Kugwirizana kwakukulu ndi gulu lalikulu la 2ndokonza zinthu monga lllumina, Salus Pro kapena MGI;Mpaka pano, milandu yopitilira 400 yapezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-28-2024