Matenda Opumira Ophatikizidwa

Matenda a Corona Virus 2019, omwe amatchedwa 'COVID-19', amatanthauza chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 ndi coronavirus yamtundu wa β. COVID-19 ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri opatsirana, ndipo anthu nthawi zambiri amatengeka. Pakadali pano, gwero la matenda ndi odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo pofika 2019-nCoV, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda asymptomatic amathanso kukhala gwero la matenda. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wamakono wa epidemiological, nthawi yoyamwitsa ndi masiku 1-14, makamaka masiku 3-7. Kutentha thupi, chifuwa chowuma ndi kutopa ndizo zizindikiro zazikulu. Odwala ochepa anali ndi zizindikiro monga kuchulukana kwa mphuno, mphuno, zilonda zapakhosi, myalgia ndi kutsegula m'mimba, ndi zina zotero. Fuluwenza, yomwe imadziwika kuti 'chimfine', ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha fuluwenza. Ndi opatsirana kwambiri. Amafala makamaka ndi kutsokomola ndi kuyetsemula. Nthawi zambiri imayamba masika ndi nyengo yozizira. Chimfine mavairasi anawagawa fuluwenza A (IFV A), fuluwenza B (IFV B), ndi Fuluwenza C (IFV C) mitundu itatu, onse ndi a povutirapo HIV, chifukwa matenda a anthu makamaka fuluwenza A ndi B mavairasi, ndi single-stranded, segmented RNA kachilombo. Chimfine A ndi matenda pachimake kupuma, kuphatikizapo H1N1, H3N2 ndi subtypes ena, amene amakonda masinthidwe ndi kufalikira padziko lonse. 'Shift' imatanthawuza kusinthika kwa kachilombo ka fuluwenza A, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kachilombo katsopano ka 'subtype'. Ma virus a fuluwenza B amagawidwa m'mizere iwiri, kachilombo ka Yamagata ndi Victoria Influenza B kamakhala ndi antigenic drift, ndipo amazemba kuyang'anira chitetezo chamunthu ndikuchotsa kudzera mukusintha kwake. Komabe, liwiro la chimfine cha B ndilocheperako kuposa kachilombo ka fuluwenza A. Kachilombo ka fuluwenza B kamayambitsanso matenda a kupuma kwa anthu ndikuyambitsa miliri.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ndi kachilombo ka RNA, komwe kamachokera ku banja la paramyxoviridae. Amafalitsidwa ndi madontho a mpweya ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndipo ndiye tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a m'munsi mwa kupuma kwa makanda. Makanda omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka RSV amatha kukhala ndi bronchiolitis ndi chibayo, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mphumu mwa ana. Makanda kwambiri zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo kutentha thupi, rhinitis, pharyngitis ndi laryngitis, ndiyeno bronchiolitis ndi chibayo. Ana ochepa odwala akhoza kukhala ovuta ndi otitis TV, pleurisy ndi myocarditis, etc.Upper kupuma thirakiti matenda ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda akuluakulu ndi ana okulirapo.