Kusintha kwa majini a EML4-ALK a anthu

Chida ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mitundu 12 ya majini osakanikirana a EML4-ALK m'masampulu a odwala khansa ya m'mapapo omwe si ang'onoang'ono m'thupi la munthu. Zotsatira za mayesowa ndi za kafukufuku wa zachipatala zokha ndipo siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko okhawo ochizira odwala payekhapayekha. Madokotala ayenera kupanga zigamulo zonse pazotsatira za mayeso kutengera zinthu monga momwe wodwalayo alili, zizindikiro za mankhwala, momwe chithandizo chimayankhira, ndi zizindikiro zina zoyesera za labotale. Khansa ya m'mapapo ndiye chotupa chofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo 80% ~ 85% ya milandu ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe si yaing'ono (NSCLC). Kuphatikizika kwa majini a echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) ndi anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) ndi chandamale chatsopano mu NSCLC, EML4 ndi ALK zimapezeka mwa anthu, P21 ndi P23 bands pa chromosome 2 ndipo zimalekanitsidwa ndi ma base pair pafupifupi 12.7 miliyoni. Pali mitundu yosachepera 20 ya fusion yomwe yapezeka, pakati pawo mitundu 12 ya fusion mutants yomwe ili mu Table 1 ndi yofala, pomwe mutant 1 (E13; A20) ndiyo yofala kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi mutants 3a ndi 3b (E6; A20), yomwe imapanga pafupifupi 33% ndi 29% ya odwala omwe ali ndi EML4-ALK fusion gene NSCLC, motsatana. Zoletsa za ALK zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi Crizotinib ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi mamolekyulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amapangidwa kuti azitha kusintha ma gene fusion mutations a ALK. Mwa kuletsa ntchito ya dera la ALK tyrosine kinase, kutseka njira zake zosazolowereka zolumikizirana, motero kuletsa kukula kwa maselo otupa, kuti apeze chithandizo cholunjika cha zotupa. Kafukufuku wazachipatala wasonyeza kuti Crizotinib ili ndi chiwopsezo chogwira ntchito choposa 61% mwa odwala omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa EML4-ALK fusion, pomwe sichikhudza odwala amtundu wachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira kusintha kwa EML4-ALK fusion ndiye maziko komanso maziko otsogolera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Crizotinib.